fens again

 https://www.eh-resources.org/podcast-38/

Vilnius Waterways

 ephemeral mapping

tibet landslide nice images https://www.slideshare.net/Dr_Dave/tibet1-19004036

hill of three crosses

The slopes of the Neris were abundant with abundant springs were important for the supply with potable water in the 17th century. During the management of the city territory in the 19th century, the streams were backfield or sewered. The chart of Kozlov (1947) shows how much and what streams flowed to the sewerage.

The greatest surface and hydrography changes in Vilnius since 14th century

1. Splitting the Vilnia River stream at Gediminas Hill in 14th century with final cancelation of the old natural river bed in the 19th century 

2.Small streams and springs sewerage

3.The Neris River bed shift (by 60m in the section of the old town)

4. The area of Upper Town (in gullied Sapieginė) became smaller due to activated erosion

5. Land surface levelling work in the sixteenth century changed the initial relief 

6. Hydrographic network has been one of the city planning led factors. Flow routes have impact for the directions of the first Vilnius streets

7. The Neris River banks with numerous small streams, periodically waterlogged areas and springs made the old town develop along the Vilnia River